language en

HALO: An Ontology for Representing Hallucinations in Generative Models

This version:
https://w3id.org/halo#
Latest version:
https://w3id.org/halo#
Revision:
1.0.0
Authors:
Navapat Nananukul
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
http://insertlicenseURIhere.example.org
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Cite as:
Navapat Nananukul. HALO: An Ontology for Representing Hallucinations in Generative Models. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10279463
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10279463
Provenance of this page
Ontology Specification Draft

Abstract

HALO is built to serve as a standard stucture and model for hallucinations in generative AI.

Introduction back to ToC

This is a place holder text for the introduction. The introduction should briefly describe the ontology, its motivation, state of the art and goals.

Namespace declarations

Table 1: Namespaces used in the document
choosenprefix<https://w3id.org/halo#>
dc<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
example<https://w3id.org/example#>
foaf<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
hallucination<https://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#>
hallucination1<http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#>
metadata<https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#>
metadata2<http://w3id.org/halo/metadata#>
mod<https://w3id.org/mod#>
owl<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
rdf<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
rdfs<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
schema<https://schema.org/>
vann<http://purl.org/vocab/vann/>
xml<http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
xsd<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

HALO: An Ontology for Representing Hallucinations in Generative Models: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Annotation Properties

HALO: An Ontology for Representing Hallucinations in Generative Models: Description back to ToC

-

Cross-reference for HALO: An Ontology for Representing Hallucinations in Generative Models classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by HALO: An Ontology for Representing Hallucinations in Generative Models.

Classes

answersc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/metadata#answers

is in domain of
has answer date dp, has answer i d dp, is generated by op
is in range of
associated with answer op, hallucination generated by op
is disjoint with
L L Ms Hallucination c, generative A I c, prompts c, person c, article c, book c, date c, movie c, scholarly article c, short story c, actor c

context Inconsistencyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#contextInconsistency

has super-classes
faithfulness Hallucination c
is in domain of
context inconsistency on op, hallucination generated by op

Factual Fabricationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#factualFabrication

has super-classes
factuality Hallucination c
is in domain of
factual fabricate on op, hallucination generated by op

factual Inconsistencyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#factualInconsistency

has super-classes
factuality Hallucination c
is in domain of
factual inconsistency on op, hallucination generated by op

factuality Hallucinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#factualityHallucination

has super-classes
L L Ms Hallucination c
has sub-classes
Factual Fabrication c, factual Inconsistency c
is in domain of
hallucination generated by op

faithfulness Hallucinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#faithfulnessHallucination

has super-classes
L L Ms Hallucination c
has sub-classes
context Inconsistency c, instruction Inconsistency c, logical Inconsistency c
is in domain of
hallucination generated by op

generative A Ic back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/metadata#generativeAI

has sub-classes
large Language Model c
is in domain of
ai name dp, domain dp, type dp
is disjoint with
L L Ms Hallucination c, answers c, prompts c, person c, article c, book c, date c, movie c, scholarly article c, short story c, actor c

instruction Inconsistencyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#instructionInconsistency

has super-classes
faithfulness Hallucination c
is in domain of
hallucination generated by op, instruction inconsistency op

L L Ms Hallucinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#LLMsHallucination

has sub-classes
factuality Hallucination c, faithfulness Hallucination c
is disjoint with
answers c, generative A I c, prompts c, person c, article c, book c, date c, movie c, scholarly article c, short story c, actor c

large Language Modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/metadata#largeLanguageModel

has super-classes
generative A I c
is in domain of
model dp, model name dp
is in range of
is generated by op

logical Inconsistencyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#logicalInconsistency

has super-classes
faithfulness Hallucination c
is in domain of
hallucination generated by op

promptsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://w3id.org/halo/metadata#prompts

is in domain of
associated with answer op, collected on dp, has prompt id dp, has source dp
is disjoint with
L L Ms Hallucination c, answers c, generative A I c, person c, article c, book c, date c, movie c, scholarly article c, short story c, actor c, defined term c, number c, solve math action c, web site c, character c

Object Properties

associated with answerop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#associatedWithAnswer

has domain
prompts c
has range
answers c

context inconsistency onop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#contextInconsistencyOn

has domain
context Inconsistency c
has range
defined term c
scholarly article c
solve math action c
web site c

factual fabricate onop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#factualFabricateOn

has domain
Factual Fabrication c
has range
person c
article c
book c
date c
defined term c
movie c
scholarly article c
short story c
actor c

factual inconsistency onop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#factualInconsistencyOn

has domain
factual Inconsistency c
has range
person c
article c
book c
date c
defined term c
movie c
scholarly article c
short story c
actor c

hallucination generated byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#hallucinationGeneratedBy

has domain
context Inconsistency c
Factual Fabrication c
factual Inconsistency c
factuality Hallucination c
faithfulness Hallucination c
instruction Inconsistency c
logical Inconsistency c
has range
answers c

instruction inconsistencyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#instructionInconsistency

has domain
instruction Inconsistency c
has range
web site c

is generated byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#isGeneratedBy

has domain
answers c
has range
large Language Model c

logical inconsistency onop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/hallucination#logicalInconsistencyOn

has domain
defined term c
has range
number c
solve math action c
character c

was asked byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#wasAskedBy

Data Properties

ai namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#aiName

has domain
generative A I c
has range
string

collected ondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#collectedOn

has domain
prompts c
has range
date

domaindp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#domain

has domain
generative A I c
has range
string

has answer datedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#hasAnswerDate

has domain
answers c
has range
date

has answer i ddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#hasAnswerID

has domain
answers c
has range
int

has prompt iddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#hasPromptId

has domain
prompts c
has range
int

has sourcedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#hasSource

has domain
prompts c
has range
string

modeldp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#model

has domain
large Language Model c
has range
string

model namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#modelName

has domain
large Language Model c
has range
string

typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/halo/metadata#type

has domain
generative A I c
has range
string

Annotation Properties

associated with answerap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/example#associatedWithAnswer

created withap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/mod#createdWith

creatorap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator

descriptionap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description

is generated byap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/example#isGeneratedBy

licenseap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/license

preferred namespace prefixap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix

preferred namespace uriap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri

titleap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title

version i r iap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#versionIRI

version infoap back to ToC or Annotation Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#versionInfo

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties

References back to ToC

Add your references here. It is recommended to have them as a list.

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.